文理和合本

"Shenzhen Liberal Arts and Science"The Combined Liberal Arts and Science The New Testament was published in 1906, and the Old and New Testaments were published in 1919. Later, the New Testament was slightly revised and the translation was polished, so that the writing style could catch up with the Old Testament. After the revision of the New Testament, the Old and New Testaments were published in 1923, and the last edition was printed in 1934. The images of each page of the first edition of 1919 are included on the Digital Collections website of the National Library of Australia; while the revised edition images can be reviewed on the Faith, Hope and Love websites rare book inquiry system. The content on this page is a revised version.The Old Testament Scriptures are quoted in the New Testament, and the source is indicated in the 1919 version of the combined version of the mandarin. The combined version of Wenli is not noted. Here, the combined version of the mandarin is added, using English letters and Arabic numerals to show whether the original book is correct Note. In addition, there is no example in the Chinese-language combined version with small dots beside additional words and sentences."Commissioned Version""Commissioned translation", also known as "representative translation", was established in 1843 by the "Commissioned Translation Committee" to translate in classical Chinese (Deep Arts and Sciences). The members include Elijah Coleman Bridgman (American Congregational Council) and Kecun ( Michael Simpson Culbertson, American Presbyterian Church), Wen Huilian (William Jones Boone, American Anglican Church), Lu Wei (Walter Macon Lowrie, son of U.S. Senator Walter Lowrie, American Presbyterian Church), Shi Dunli (John Stronach, London Missionary Society) , James Legge (London Missionary Society), Walter Henry Medhurst (Walter Henry Medhurst, London Missionary Society) and William Charles Milne (London Missionary Society), son of William Milne, Josiah (Josiah) T. Goddard, American Baptist Church), Edward C. Lord (American Baptist Church), Lian Weiren (William Dean, American Baptist Church) and others.The establishment of the Commission for Translation Committee has a lot to do with the "five-port trade" of the Qing court. In 1842, Britain set off to Zhenjiang, Ningbo and other places; in August, the Qing government and Britain negotiated, and the two sides signed the "Nanjing Treaty", ceding Hong Kong Island to Britain, and the Qing government opened coastal Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo, and Shanghai to Britain. Five ports were used for trade and commerce; and the British forces had to withdraw from Nanjing and Dinghai. With the Qing government agreeing to trade, the above-mentioned missionaries also took the opportunity to start translating the Bible in Hong Kong. In August 1843, a commission for translation committee was established in Hong Kong, with members from the London Missionary Society, the American Congregational Church, the American Baptist Church, and the United States. The Presbyterian Church also represents the Morrison Educational Society.The translation committee hired several Chinese assistants, some of whom were anonymous, but the names of Wang Changgui and his son Wang Tao (1828−1897). Wang Changgui has been working in Shanghai since 1847, assisting translators, and Wang Tao continued after his death in 1849. (Cai Jintu, 2014, page xxix)The plan of commissioning the translation committee is the first attempt in the history of Chinese translation of the Bible to publish a unified translation, and it is expected that all denominations will use it together. However, soon after the project was launched, members of the committee have found that it is difficult to compromise in terms of translation (e.g. Elohim should be translated "God" or "God"), and even touch the traditions of different denominations (e.g. baptism should be translated "baptism" or "wash"). Due to some disputes, the American Baptist Church first withdrew from the commissioning translation committee, and then the American Congregational Church also withdrew. Meadows and Legge, who left the London Missionary Society, translated the New Testament from Greek into Chinese according to Textus Receptus (Chen Shaolan, 2005, p. 26), and published the New Testament in 1852. The American Bible Society adopted " "God", the British and Foreign Bible Society (formerly known as the British Holy Book Society) adopted "God", and both versions were printed in the same year.Afterwards, the London Missionary Societys Medos, Stunli, Milian and others withdrew from the commissions translation committee halfway, and translated the Old Testament on their own, which was completed in 1853. In 1854, the Old Testament book was combined with the New Testament book translated by the committee and published by the British and Overseas Bible Societies. It was historically called the "commissioned translation" or "representative translation".In 1854, Maddox and Stunli used Nanjing Mandarin (in vernacular) to rewrite the New Testament of the "Commissioned Version" in classical Chinese. It was the first vernacular translation in China. It was historically called "Medtus and Shi Dunli Translation" or "Nanjing Mandarin Translation". ", published in 1857.In addition, Pi Zhiwen of the American Congregational Church, Kecun of the American Presbyterian Church, and Wen Huilian of the American Episcopal Church withdrew from the Committee for Translation, and translated the Old and New Testaments in Classical Chinese (Shen Wenli) on their own. They were published by the American Bible Society. Called "Pizhiwen Translation", the New Testament was published in 1859, and the Old Testament was published in 1862 (Hainbo, 2000, p. 85) (in addition, 1863)."Beijing Committee Bible"Around the middle of the nineteenth century, which was the transitional stage of Chinese language development and translation, Ding Yunliang (WAPMartin), Bai Hanli (Henry Blodget), John S. Burdon (John S. Burdon), Joseph Edkins (Joseph Edkins), Samuel JISchereschewsky (Samuel JISchereschewsky) five people formed the Beijing Translation Committee to work together to translate the Bible into Chinese. This is the famous Beijing Mandarin New and Old Testaments. When the five of them got together to start this great ministry, the vast majority of Chinese intellectuals still used classical Chinese, which ordinary people could not understand at all. Therefore, they chose Mandarin, which was the official language of the time, and the people could understand it. if. Therefore, this translation of the Bible not only satisfies the needs of the broad masses of people at the bottom, but also preserves the essence of Chinese language perfectly. The above five people are really proficient in biblical language and vernacular. Their translations are not only accurate, but also in line with Chinese habits, so they preserve the intent and meaning of the Bible. The hard work of the five people has had a great impact. After that, every important vernacular translation has adopted this giant as its source, and has not deviated from its skills and structure. This Bible translation is really the pioneer of the modern Chinese Bible, more than 30 years earlier than the later Mandarin translation. Considering the purity of the translators copy and the translators excellent qualifications, we think this translation is worth reprinting, and we believe it must be a reliable Bible. The committee completed the translation of the New Testament in 1872 and the Old Testament in 1874. In 1899, they revised the Old Testament, and in 1902, they revised the New Testament. This reprint is the revised version of the committees bible and the final work of their team, because many members soon passed away.We reprint this Bible with the goal of preserving the best translation, while also allowing Chinese readers to directly read the Bible translated from the Hebrew Masoretic Text and the Greek Textus Receptus. We converted the original traditional characters into simplified characters used in mainland China, and continued to use the original punctuation marks to preserve the unique style of the translator. Since the original microfilm is not easily recognizable, we referenced and used several traditional Chinese scripts to synthesize the original punctuation. Chinese male pronouns and female pronouns originally used only one word, "he". But we made a distinction, using "he" for males and "she" for females. All the italics and footnotes in the Bible were made by the committee, and we have retained them. Since the publishers and printers at that time changed this translation casually, we checked the text of this translation with three Bibles. We did not make any changes to the original work of the committee, and did our best to preserve every word of the original text carefully. If there are any errors in it, we accidentally caused them, and they are not intentional. Readers should also be aware that there are some errors in the first few editions of any work that no one has noticed. The committee’s first edition had many typographical errors, so they made corrections in later editions. Although computers and desktop publishing software are now available, this problem has not been eradicated. If you find something that you think is wrong, please remind us. We will review your findings and make reasonable changes in subsequent versions.Since the translation of the Beijing Translation Committee was the only one at that time, they used a common name for this translation, the Old and New Testaments, but many subsequent translations also used this common name. To avoid confusion and to fully affirm their work, we call this translation the "Beijing Committee" Bible.Regarding Gods translation, the committee unanimously uses "God". They believe that the best translation in Chinese for theos in Greek and elohyim in Hebrew is "God". The committee accepted this translation only because its meaning is correct, and they did not flinch from the use of this translation by the Catholic Church. Although the committee hoped that this translated name would be adopted by all Christians, they found that which term was used to denote God’s controversy was ultimately undisputed. Therefore, the American Bible Association (the committee was established with their support) allows later versions to use different translations. However, they also tolerate manuscripts that have been tampered with. Our prayer to God is that this translation can become a beautiful translation of God’s words and retain a rich and authentic example of Chinese thinking about the Bible. The goal of the committee is to translate God’s words so that ordinary people can read and understand the Bible in their native language without having to understand the original text. The word of God is the only light that shows us the direction in this dark world, so if you read the word of God, God will definitely bless you.